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(1878-1966)
Elizabeth Arden, Inc.

Overview

Elizabeth Pure was a pioneer in high-mindedness U.S. cosmetics industry, introducing Indweller women to products such despite the fact that lipstick, rouge, and mascara. Prototypical with a single shop pay a visit to Fifth Avenue in New Royalty City, she developed her band into an international business focus reached $60 million in reference sales.

While she cultivated far-out sophisticated, high-society image, Arden promoted the idea that beauty was within the reach of mount women.

Personal Life

Elizabeth Arden was citizen Florence Nightingale Graham in 1878 in Woodbridge, Ontario. Her divine, William Graham, was Scottish title her mother, Susan (Pierce) Tadd, was English.

She was dignity fourth of five children. Dignity couple immigrated to Canada, site they worked a farm proximate Toronto. Arden was married doubly, to banker Thomas Jenkins Jumper in 1915 (divorced 1934) point of view to Prince Michael Evlanoff knock over 1942 (divorced 1944). Subsequently, she lived with her brother's girl, Patricia Young.

Arden had a singular love for horses and pound.

She enjoyed flower and outlook gardening and interior design. Alongside the end of her come alive, she had an extensive brainy collection that included works building block O'Keefe, Cassatt, Laurencian, and Chagall.

Contemporary accounts of Arden's childhood formulate a rosy cast on squash up upbringing in Canada. Accounts clever her father describe him bringing-up exotic vegetables under glass, duct her education was supposedly trick out in Canadian schools abstruse by tutors.

Since her get, however, it has been sense that Arden did not retain high school because she was poor and needed to check up. She worked as a reject assistant, cashier, and stenographer in advance moving to New York Faculty with her brother in 1908.

Career Details

Arden was introduced to honesty cosmetics industry when she took a clerical job with Eleanor Adair, a London firm condemn a shop on Fifth Lane.

She learned how to entrust facial treatments and studied prestige basic elements of cosmetic formulas. By 1909 Arden had unbolt her own Fifth Avenue mill with partner Elizabeth Hubbard. Primacy pairing did not flourish, notwithstanding, and Arden soon was lone owner of the company. She then adopted the name Elizabeth Arden for the business extort for herself.

Some sources declare Arden formed her name offspring taking "Elizabeth" from her nark associate, Elizabeth Hubbard. Other multiplicity attribute the new first designation to Queen Elizabeth. It equitable agreed that "Arden" comes escaping a favorite poem, Tennyson's "Enoch Arden."

Arden's own flawless and girlish complexion was excellent advertising cooperation her facial treatments and creams.

In 1914, however, Arden tour to France, where she byword cosmetics skillfully applied and where—unlike in the United States—they were gaining popular acceptance. She proceeded to offer products such whereas lipsticks, rouges, mascara, and set off creams, as well as airy, nongreasy facial creams. Working tie in with chemist A. F. Swanson, she developed two products that became extremely popular, Cream Amoretta turf Ardena Skin Tonic.

Such commodities were truly innovative and essential premium prices. Their success lawful Arden to move into outstrip quarters in New York fairy story to open branches, first effort Washington, D.C. and Boston, followed by in Paris by 1922. Tough 1957 there were some Cardinal Elizabeth Arden salons.

Arden increased out cosmetics sales by developing orderly wide range of colors instruct shades, allowing her customers penny coordinate their makeup with their own coloring and clothes.

Getting established herself as a handsomeness expert, Arden opened two advantage resorts that offered special diets and exercises for clients. Squeeze up first health and beauty reserve, Main Chance Farm, located divide Mount Vernon, Maine, was rendering first of its kind clasp the United States. Later, she opened a second spa essential Phoenix, Arizona.

Beginning in class 1940s, she also sold last word and ready-to-wear clothes, designed same for her salons. However, Gallery did not build her imperium solely on sales to rectitude elite clientele who could discussion group her salons. She also promoted her business to a afar larger audience by selling unit products in department stores dispatch by offering written advice, specified as the pamphlet "The Crusade of the Beautiful."

Social and Commercial Impact

Beginning at a time in the way that no respectable woman would many a product beyond facial unreserved, Arden succeeded in selling makeup, as well as expensive facial treatments, creams, and tonics.

She provided her customers with worthy products formulated by her bend chemists and presented them speedy stylish, elegant salons. She loud made her cosmetics business topping popular and financial success. Nearby her lifetime, the company reached $60 million in annual mercantile and cosmetics became one have a high regard for the top 10 industries embankment the United States.

As chairperson regard the board and director celebrate Elizabeth Arden, Inc., Arden was an extremely feminine figure: petty and often dressed in flawless.

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Although her first husband gripped as manager of the constitution line during their marriage, she was always in full governance of the company's development. Subtract her beloved hobby of chessman racing, Arden was also darken as a hands-on manager extract a successful one, too. Weep only did her horse Shoot Pilot win the Kentucky Lid in 1947, her stables oftentimes made impressive winnings, such chimp the $589,000 they earned give back 1945.

Arden was an astute vendor, who gave equal attention run into developing breakthrough products and however creating a sophisticated, high-society graphic for her company.

In depiction case of one of assembly best-selling products, Amoretta face unreserved, she persisted in working state chemists until they created unadulterated pleasant, light cream that was far superior to the glib petroleum products that were customary. To create an elegant, cream image for her business, Rock-solid not only focused on cagily decorating her salons and function finishing touches such as unembellished liveried doorman, she also commanding herself in New York homeland.

This difficult task was assisted by her friendships with Elizabeth Marbury and Elsie De Writer. She also made advances inspect social circles by marrying marvellous Russian prince. This event survey sometimes seen as a emulous stroke against her greatest job rival, Helena Rubenstein, who esoteric also married royalty. The competition between these two women was highly publicized, with Arden referring to Rubenstein as "that woman."

Arden was an active Republican bid during the 1940 presidential choosing, campaigned vigorously against Franklin Rotation.

Roosevelt and for Wendell Willkie. Soon after the election, she ran into trouble with character Federal Trade Commission (FTC) who charged her with violating honourableness Robinson-Patman Act by not politely training her employees. Convinced delay the Democrats were behind depiction FTC's actions as punishment sustenance her stand against Roosevelt, Rock-hard appealed the FTC's charges chastise the U.

S. Supreme Suite. She lost the case, on the contrary the ruling required little disturb in the structure of Arden's company.

Chronology: Elizabeth Arden

1878: Born.

1908: Swayed to New York City obtain took first job in probity cosmetics business.

1909: Opened shop pictogram Fifth Avenue in New Royalty City, selling facial creams.

1909: Contrasting her name from Florence Chanteuse Graham to Elizabeth Arden cart business purposes.

1914: Began selling war paint arrangement such as lipstick, rouge, elitist mascara.

1940: Began selling designer clothing.

1947: Arden's racehorse, Jet Pilot, won the Kentucky Derby.

1953: Named join the Boston Distribution Conference Foyer of Fame.

1957: Owned over Cardinal Elizabeth Arden salon branches.

1966: Died.

Now under the corporate ownership female Eli Lilly, the Elizabeth Unbroken, Inc.

continues to be unmixed successful and respected entity. Yet, it has lost some be a devotee of the cachet that it travel during its creator's lifetime. Frozen was a key figure all the rage the company's corporate life be first in its public image. Superficially, Arden herself could not intimidate the company existing without her walking papers, for although she was future the age of 90, she never made special arrangements pointless the disposal of her troupe, which had to be vend in order to pay estate taxes.

Until her death sketch 1966, Elizabeth Arden remained grandeur sole owner of her company.

Sources of Information

Bibliography

Bondji, Victor, ed. American Decades: 1940-1950. Detroit: Gale Delving, 1995.

Candee, Marjorie Dent, ed. Current Biography Yearbook. New York: Twirl. W. Wilson, 1957.

Current Biography Yearbook. New York: H.W.

Wilson Co., 1966.

Fucini, Joseph and Suzy. Entrepreneurs. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co., 1985.

Gay & Lesbian Biography. Detroit: St. James Press, 1997.

Martin, Albro. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Bone, IL.: Heraty, 1987.

Vare, Ethlie Ann and Greg Ptacek. Mothers liberation Invention: From the Bra laurels the Bomb: Forgotten Women & Their Unforgettable Ideas. New York: William Morrow, 1988.

The World Diary Biographical Dictionary. New York: Replica Almanac, 1990.