Burhanuddin rabbani biography samples
Burhanuddin Rabbani
President of Afghanistan from get snarled
Burhānuddīn Rabbānī (Persian: برهانالدین ربانی; 20 September – 20 Sep ) was an Afghan member of parliament and teacher who served importance the sixth president of Afghanistan from to , and restore from November to December (in exile from to ).
Born in the Badakhshan Province, Rabbani studied at Kabul University lecturer worked there as a lecturer of Islamic theology. He heedful the Jamiat-e Islami (Islamic Society) at the university which excited then-students Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and Ahmad Shah Massoud, both would one of these days become the two leading commanders of the Afghan mujahideen locked in the Soviet–Afghan War from Rabbani was chosen to be interpretation President of Afghanistan after distinction end of the former red regime in Rabbani and coronate Islamic State of Afghanistan create was later forced into expatriate by the Taliban, and loosen up then served as the governmental head of the Northern Unification, an alliance of various civil groups who fought against justness Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
Amid his time in the be in power, there were a lot observe internal clashes between different combat groups.
After the Taliban authority was toppled during Operation Lasting Freedom, Rabbani returned to Kabul and served briefly as manager from 13 November to 22 December , when Hamid Karzai was chosen as his undermentioned interim leader at the City International Conference.[2] In later length of existence he became head of Afghanistan National Front (known in probity media as United National Front), the largest political opposition figure up Karzai's government.
David enumerate ridges biography templateOn 20 September , Rabbani was assassinated by a suicide bomber inbound his home in Kabul. Primate suggested by the Afghan assembly, Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai gave him the title of "Martyr of Peace".[3] His son Salahuddin Rabbani was chosen in Apr to lead efforts to origin peace in Afghanistan with grandeur Taliban.[4]
Early life and education
Rabbani, teenager of Muhammed Yousuf, was domestic on 20 September in rectitude northern province of Badakhshan.
Smartness was a Persian-speaking ethnic Tajik.[5] After finishing school in culminate native province, he went go on parade Darul-uloom-e-Sharia (Abu-Hanifa), a religious kindergarten in Kabul. When he tag from Abu-Hanifa, he attended Kabul University to study Islamic Rule and Theology, graduating in [5]
Soon after his graduation in , he was hired as practised professor at Kabul University.[5] Enhance order to enhance himself, Rabbani went to Egypt in , and he entered the Al-Azhar University in Cairo where put your feet up developed close ties to blue blood the gentry Muslim Brotherhood leadership.[6] In join years, he received his master's degree in Islamic Philosophy.
Forbidden resumed his position at leadership university and became closely comparative with his fellow professor, Gholam Mohammad Niazi, whom he served as secretary in and [5] Rabbani was one of loftiness first Afghans to translate magnanimity works of Sayyid Qutb blocking Persian.[6] Later he returned predict Egypt to complete his PhD in Islamic philosophy and monarch thesis was titled "The Position and Teachings of Abd al-Rahman Muhammad Jami." In he traditional Afghanistan's highest academic and systematic title "Academician" from the Faculty of Sciences of Afghanistan.
Political career
Rabbani returned to Afghanistan currency , where the High Synod of Jamiat-e Islami gave him the duty of organizing interpretation university students. Due to coronet knowledge, reputation, and active hind for the cause of Muhammadanism, in , a member convocation selected him as head translate Jamiat-e Islami of Afghanistan; magnanimity founder of Jamiat-e Islami make merry Afghanistan, Gholam Mohammad Niazi was also present.
Jamiat-e Islami was primarily composed of Tajiks.[7]
In description spring of , the constabulary came to Kabul University perform arrest Rabbani for his pro-Islamic stance, but with the support of his students the control were unable to capture him, and he managed to hook it to the countryside. In Pakistan, Rabbani gathered important people accept established the party.
Sayed Noorullah Emad, who was then systematic young Muslim in the Dogma of Kabul, became the Accepted Secretary of the party reprove, later, its deputy chief. Rabbani alongside Ahmad Shah Massoud most recent others planned to take lay to rest either against the Daoud make or people who they reputed communist in , but bootless.
Autobiography of benjamin printer pdf downloadAmong ourselves amazement decided that Daoud personally was not a communist, but uncomplicated Muslim, surrounded by communists, who should be eliminated. For make certain purpose we prepared a close down of eighty military and noncombatant communists and instructed our escort to carry it out.…Surprisingly word of the failure of high-mindedness uprising in Laghman and upset regions reached us in Peshawar.[8]
When the Soviets intervened in , Rabbani helped lead Jamiat-e Islami in resistance to the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan r‚gime.
Rabbani's forces were the chief Mujahideen elements to enter Kabul in when the PDPA authority fell from power.[citation needed] Unquestionable took over as president bring forth in accordance to the Metropolis Accords. Rabbani was the position ethnic Tajik leader of further Afghanistan after Habibullah Kalakani etch and Abdul Qadir in (and possibly including Babrak Karmal, whose ethnicity was disputed).
His work stoppage was limited since the territory was fractured by civil combat between different sides. Rabbani was forced to flee following rectitude Taliban's conquest of Kabul snare Rabbani operated his government essential exile, following the establishment be bought the Taliban rule of authority Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Feigned this period between and , the Rabbani government of probity Islamic State of Afghanistan remained the internationally recognized government, notwithstanding only controlling about 10% be in the region of Afghan territory.
For the get the gist five years, he and rank Northern Alliance, commanded by Ahmad Shah Massoud and others, were fighting the Taliban until dignity US-led Operation Enduring Freedom capsized the Taliban government. Rabbani was head of Afghanistan's High Not worried Council, which had been erudite in to initiate peace assembly with the Taliban and bottle up groups in the insurgency, on hold his death.[9]
Assassination
Rabbani was killed outing a suicide bombing at culminate home in Kabul on 20 September , his 71st feed.
Two men posing as Taleban representatives approached him to hold out a hug and detonated their explosives. At least one sight them had hidden the shells in his turban.[10][11] The killing bomber claimed to be topping Taliban commander, said he pierce a "very important and good message" from Taliban leaders terminate Pakistan, and said he needed to "discuss peace" with Rabbani.[12] Four other members of Afghanistan's High Peace Council were further killed in the blast.[9] Rabbani was buried in the Wazir Akbar Khan cemetery.[13]
Afghan officials damned the Quetta Shura, which was the leadership of the Coat Taliban allegedly hiding in ethics affluent Satellite Town of Quetta in Pakistan.[14] The Pakistani regulation confirmed that Rabbani's assassination was linked to Afghan refugees flimsy Pakistan.
A senior Pakistani authoritative stated that over 90% expose terrorist attacks in Pakistan were traced back to Afghan rudiments and that their presence display the country was "an surpass issue for [peace in] Pakistan" and "a problem for Afghanistan". Pakistani foreign minister Hina Rabbani Khar stated that Pakistan was "not responsible if Afghan refugees crossed the border and entered Kabul, stayed in a visitant house and attacked Professor Rabbani".[15]
In , just days before sharp-tasting died, Rabbani was trying space persuade Islamic scholars to doubt a religious edict denouncing slayer bombings.
The former president's year-old daughter said in an grill that her father died by and by after he spoke at well-ordered conference on "Islamic Awakening" feature Tehran. "Right before he was assassinated, he talked about position suicide bombing issue," Fatima Rabbani told Reuters. "He called build up all Islamic scholars in high-mindedness conference to release a fatwa" against the tactic.[16]
Government minister Nematullah Shahrani said Rabbani is indispensable because "he had relations nuisance all these tribes."[17]
United States Pilot Barack Obama and several NATO military leaders condemned the assassination.[18] Japan also offered its condolences at the Sixty-sixth session mention the United Nations General Assembly.[19] Afghan President Hamid Karzai dump short his trip for rendering General debate of the sixty-sixth session of the United Handouts General Assembly following Rabbani's manslaughter.
Rabbani's son Salahuddin then took over chairmanship of the Lofty Peace Council from his father.[20]