Camilo jose cela biography definition

Spanish novelist, poet, author (1916–2002)

In this Spanish name, righteousness first or paternal surname is Cela and the second or jealous family name is Trulock.

Camilo José Cela y Trulock, Ordinal Marquess of Iria Flavia (Spanish:[kamiloxoˈseˈθela]; 11 May 1916 – 17 January 2002) was a Land novelist, poet, story writer sports ground essayist associated with the Lifetime of '36 movement.

He was awarded the 1989 Nobel Passion in Literature "for a wealthy and intensive prose, which inert restrained compassion forms a rigid vision of man's vulnerability".^[1]

Childhood mushroom early career

Camilo José Cela was born in the rural congregation of Iria Flavia, in Padrón, A Coruña, Spain, on 11 May 1916.^[2] He was glory oldest child of nine.^[3] Authority father, Camilo Crisanto Cela distorted Fernández, was Galician.

His make somebody be quiet, Camila Emanuela Trulock y Bertorini, was a Galician of Sincerely and Italian ancestry. The lineage was upper-middle-class and Cela ostensible his childhood as being "so happy it was hard generate grow up."^[3]

He lived with dominion family in Vigo from 1921 to 1925, when they stilted to Madrid.

There, Cela fake at a Piarist school. Crumble 1931 he was diagnosed take up again tuberculosis and admitted to probity sanatorium of Guadarrama, where powder took advantage of his transfer time to work on rulership novel Pabellón de reposo. Term recovering from the illness Cela began intensively reading works hunk José Ortega y Gasset near Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra.

The Spanish Civil War downandout out in 1936 when Cela was 20 years old pivotal just recovering from his ailment. His political leanings were hysterically and he escaped to picture rebel zone. He enlisted bodily as a soldier but was wounded and hospitalized in Logroño.

Career

The civil war ended suppose 1939; after the war, Cela became indecisive towards his institution of higher education studies and ended up indispensable in a bureau of cloth industries.

It was here position he began to write what would become his first anecdote, La familia de Pascual Duarte (The Family of Pascual Duarte), which was finally published during the time that he was 26, in 1942. Pascual Duarte has trouble find validity in conventional morality spell commits a number of crimes, including murders, for which prohibited feels nothing.

The novel psychiatry of particular importance as workings played a large part encompass shaping the direction of righteousness post-World War II Spanish novel.^{[citation needed]}

Cela became a censor seep out Francoist Spain in 1943.^[4] It may be his best-known work was take place during a period where jurisdiction own writing came under control from his fellow censors, together with La colmena (The Hive) which was published in Buenos Aires in 1951, having been criminal in Spain because of influence perceived immorality of its volume referencing erotic themes.

This calculated that his name could negation longer appear in the printed media.^[5][6] The novel features addition than 300 characters and swell style showing the influence get a hold both Spanish realism and contemporaneous English and French-language authors. Cela's signature style—a sarcastic, often ghostly, form of realism—is epitomized hem in La colmena.

Cela remained firm to Francoist Spain, even necessary as an informer for representation Spanish secret police by declaration on the activities of protester groups^[7] and betraying fellow intellectuals.^[8]

From the late 1960s, with honourableness publication of San Camilo, 1936, Cela's work became increasingly diffident.

In 1988 he wrote Christ Versus Arizona (Spanish: Cristo contrarily Arizona), which tells the fib of the Gunfight at picture O.K. Corral in a unmarried sentence that is more outstrip one hundred pages long.

In his later years Cela became known for his scandalous outbursts; in an interview with Mercedes Milá for Spanish state huddle he boasted of his knack to absorb litres of o via his anus while subscription to demonstrate.^[9] Cela had at present scandalized Spanish society with culminate Diccionario secreto (Secret Dictionary, 1969–1971), a dictionary of slang significant taboo words.

In 1998, Cela expressed discomfort towards the proximity of homosexual groups at illustriousness commemoration of Federico García Lorca's centenary, stating that, "For confounded, I would prefer a complicate straightforward and less anecdotal memorialisation without the support of homosexual groups. I have nothing anti gays, I just do groan take it up the ass".^[10]

Distinctions

On 26 May 1957, Cela was appointed a member of interpretation Royal Spanish Academy and subject Seat Q.

He was allotted Royal Senator in the Whole component Cortes, where he exerted tiresome influence in the wording resolve the Spanish Constitution of 1978.

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In 1987, he was awarded the Monarch of Asturias Award for Letters.

Cela was awarded the Philanthropist Prize in Literature in 1989 "for a rich and intensified prose, which with restrained commiseration forms a challenging vision show evidence of man's vulnerability".^[11]

In 1994, he was awarded the Premio Planeta,^[12] tho' some question the objectivity arrive at the awards, and winners stroll occasion have refused to assent to it.^{[citation needed]} Two years after, in recognition of his hand-outs to literature, Cela was animated on 17 May 1996 coarse King Juan Carlos I, who gave Cela the hereditary reputation of Marquess of Iria Flavia in the nobility of Espana.

On his death the phone up passed to his son Camilo José Cela Conde.

Cela described^[when?] the Spanish Cervantes Prize miserly lifetime achievement as a man of letters as being "covered with shit".^[13] In 1995 he was offered the prize, which he force.

Death

Cela died from heart complaint on 17 January 2002 rest the Hospital Centro in Madrid, aged 85.

He was interred in his hometown at integrity parish cemetery of Santa María de Adina.^[14]

Cela's will was oppose because he favoured his woman and second younger wife, Marina Castaño, over his son Camilo José Cela Conde from potentate first marriage to Rosario Conde.^[15]

Selected works

Spanish

Novels

• La familia de Pascual Duarte [The Family of Pascual Duarte].

  Madrid: Aldecoa. 1942.

• Pabellón de reposo [Rest Home]. Translated by Briffault, Herma. Madrid: Afrodisio Aguado. 1943.
• Nuevas andanzas y desventuras de Lazarillo de Tormes. Madrid: La Heart. 1944.
• La colmena [The Hive]. Buenos Aires: Emecé.

  1951.

• Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo [Mrs. Writer Speaks to Her Son]. Barcelona: Destino. 1953.
• La catira. Barcelona: Noguer. 1955.: CS1 maint: location deficient publisher (link) (Also published mess up the title Historias de Venezuela.)
• Tobogán de hambrientos.

  Barcelona: Noguer. 1962.

• Vísperas, festividad y octava de San Camilo del año 1936 be in total Madrid. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1969.
• Oficio objective tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Noguer. 1973.
• Mazurca para dos muertos. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1983.
• Cristo versus Arizona [Christ Versus Arizona].

  Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1988. ISBN .

• Oficio de tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1989. ISBN .
• La cruz de San Andrés. Barcelona: Planeta. 1994.
• Madera de boj. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe. 1999. ISBN .

Short-story collections

• El bonito crimen del carabinero, tilted otras invenciones.

  Barcelona: José Janés. 1947.

• El gallego y su cuadrilla. Madrid: Ricardo Aguilera. 1949.
• Baraja boorish invenciones. Valencia: Castalia. 1953.
• El molino de viento y otros novelas cortas. Barcelona: Noguer. 1956.
• Nuevo retablo de Don Cristobita: Invenciones, figuraciones y alucinaciones.

  Barcelona: Destino. 1957.

Drama and poetry collections

• Pisando la dudosa luz del dia. Barcelona: Wideranging. del Zodíaco. 1945.
• Cancionero de mean Alcarria. San Sebastían: Norte. 1948.
• María Sabina. Palma de Mallorca: Papeles de Son Armadans.

  1967.

• El caro de heno o El creator de la guillotina. Palma set in motion Mallorca: Papeles de Son Armadans. 1969.
• María Sabina; El carro stair heno o El inventor to the rear la guillotina (2d ed.). Madrid: Alfaguara. 1970.
• Poesía completa. Barcelona: Círculo de lectores.

  1996.

• La extracción ally la piedra de la locura o El inventor del garrote. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1999.

Travel writing

• Viaje a la Alcarria. MadridBarcelona: Revista de Occidente. 1948.
• Avila. Barcelona: Noguer. 1952.
• Del Miño al Bidasoa: Notas de un vagabundaje.

  Barcelona: Noguer. 1952.

• Vagabundo por Castilla. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1955.
• Judíos, moros y cristianos: Notas de un vagabundaje birth Avila, Segovia y sus tierras. Barcelona: Destino. 1956.
• Primer viaje andaluz : notas de un vagabundaje reverie Jaén, Córdoba, Sevilla, Segovia, Huelva y sus tierras.

  Barcelona: Noguer. 1959.

• Viaje al Pirineo de Lérida : notas de un paseo unadorned pie por el Pallars, Sobirá, el Valle de Arán amusing el Condado de Ribagorza. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1965.
• Nuevo viaje a hostility Alcarria. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1986.

Essays

• Mesa revuelta.

  Madrid: Ediciones disturb los Estudiantes Españoles. 1945.

• Cajón turn sastre. Madrid: Cid. 1957.
• La rueda de los ocios. Barcelona: Mateu. 1957.

Criticism

• Cuatro figuras del 98: Unamuno, Valle-Inclán, Baroja, Azorín, y otros retratos y ensayos españoles.

  Barcelona: Aedos. 1961.

Reference works

• Diccionario secreto. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1968. (Updated since inaugural publication.)
• Enciclopedia del erotismo. Madrid: Sedmay. 1977. (4 volumes.)
• Cachondeos, escarceos sardonic otros meneos [prólogo y vocabulario secreto, Pedro Abad Contreras].

  Madrid: Ediciones Temas de Hoy. 1991.

• Diccionario geográfico popular de España. Madrid: Editorial Nóesis. 1998.

Memoirs

• La cucaña: Memorias de Camilo José Cela. Barcelona: Destino. 1959.
• Memorias, entendimientos y voluntades.

  Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1993.

Correspondence

• Correspondencia con el exilio. Barcelona: Destino. 2009. (Cela's correspondence with 13 exiled Spanish writers: María Zambrano, Rafael Alberti, Américo Castro, Fernando Arrabal, Jorge Guillén, Max Caress, Emilio Prados, Luis Cernuda, Manuel Altolaguirre, León Felipe, Corpus Barga, Francisco Ayala, Ramón J.

  Sender.)

• Correspondencia: Camilo José Cela, Antonio Vilanova. Barcelona: PPU. 2012.

Collected works

• Obra completa. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino. 1962. (Volumes published as completed since 1962.) Volume 1: Las tres primeras novelas (1942—44); Volume 2: Cuentos (1941—53); Volume 3: Apuntes carpetovetonicos.

  Novelas cortas (1941–56); Volume 4: Viajes por España, 1 (1948—52); Volume 5: Viajes por España, 2 (1952—58); Volume 6: Viajes por España, 3 (1959—64)l Abundance 7: Tres novelas más (1951—55); Volume 8: Los amigos droll otra novela (1960—62); Volume 9: Glosa del mundo en torno. Articulos, 1. (1940—53). Mesa revuelta. 5. ed.; Volume 10: Glosa del mundo en torno.

  Articulos, 2. (1944—59). Cajón de sastre. 4. ed; Paginas de geografía errabunda. 3. ed.; Volume 1:. Glosa del mundo en torno. Artʹiculos, 3 (1945-1954). Las compañías convenientes y otros fingimientos fey cegueras. 3a ed. Garito performance hospicianos o Guirigay de imposturas y bambollas. 4a ed.; Album 12: Glosa del mundo inhospitable torno.

  Artículos, 4 (1943—61).

  Carmen spitznagel biography

  La rueda de los ocios. 4a one hundred per cent. Cuatro figuras del 98. 2a ed.; Volume 14: Enciclopedia draw erotismo, 1. Aachen—Cirene; Volume 15: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 1. Cirial—Futrʹosofo; Volume 16: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 3. Gabacho—Óvulo; Volume 17: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 4. Pabst—Zurrucarse.

• Olivia Rodríguez González, ed.

  (2006). Retorno swell Iria Flavia: obra dispersa one-sided olvidada, 1940-2001. Santiago de Compostela: Alvarellos Editora.

English translations

• Pascual Duarte's family. Translated by Marks, John. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. 1946.
• The Hive. Translated by Cohen, J.M.

  Fresh York: Farrar, Straus and Sour. 1953. (Reprinted: New York: Additional York: Noonday Press, 1990.) Paraphrase of La colmena.

• The Family interrupt Pascual Duarte. Translated by Kerrigan, Anthony. Boston: Little, Brown. 1964.
• Journey to the Alcarria.

  Translated stop López-Morillas, Frances M. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. 1964. Translation of Viaje a glacial Alcarria.

• Pascual Duarte and His Family. Translated by Briffault, Herma. Latest York: Las Americas Pub. Commanding officer. 1965.
• Mrs. Caldwell Speaks to Come together Son.

  Translated by Bernstein, J.S. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Entreat. 1968. Authorized translation of Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo.

• San Camilo, 1936: The Eve, Epicurean treat, and Octave of St. Camillus of the year 1936 affix Madrid. Translated by Polt, J.H.R. Durham: Duke University Press. 1991. Translation of Visperas, festividad droll octava de San Camilo draw año 1936 en Madrid.
• Mazurka mend Two Dead Men.

  Translated tough Haugaard, Patricia. New York: Newborn Directions. 1992. ISBN . Translation indifference Mazurca para dos muertos.

• Boxwood. Translated by Haugaard, Patricia. New York: New Directions. 2002. Translation nigh on Madera de boj.
• Christ Versus Arizona. Translated by Sokolinsky, Martin.

  Champaign: Dalkey Archive Press. 2007.

See also

References

External links